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Advanced Approach to Pregnancy and Childbirth: Moving from a Perspective of Population Control to One Focused on Women¡¯s Health

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ÇÏÁ¤¿Á(Ha Jung-Ok) - ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ ¿©¼º¿¬±¸¼Ò

Abstract

Objectives: This paper examines the historical and political processes in which women¡¯s health emerged as a framework of reproduction issues, and asserts the concept of women¡¯s reproductive health is a hard-won and valuable achievement. The author also explores the challenges and prospects in Korean society when pregnancy and childbirth are viewed from the perspective of concern for women¡¯s health.

Methods: The paper reviews the literature on reproduction, and documents published by international organizations on reproductive health. Reproductive Health Indicators in Korea are compared with international indices.

Results: Women¡¯s reproductive health in Korea has been seriously neglected due to the emphasis on economic efficiency as it is defined in neoliberal ideology, and the lack of governance of new technologies. Though the maternal mortality ratio is on the rise, and neonatal health indicators have deteriorated as well, policies on reproductive health in Korea are still dominated by the logic of population control.

Conclusions: There is an urgent need for Korea to take a more holistic approach to women¡¯s health; an approach encompassing physical, psychological, personal and social health issues, together. The current health status of Korean women should be identified as a first step, and the results taken into account in making population policies. Plans and policies should reflect the needs of contemporary Korean women, and feminist activists should actively engage in the process.

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Reproductive health, population policy, women¡¯s health, 1994 Cairo International Conference on Population and Development, the Fourth World Conference on Women held in Beijing, maternal and child health services
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